曱甴 2008-1-1 03:25
英语从句示例分析
英语学习专家提醒：英语学习重在运用，要动起来,be active in your study！对于我们准备的资料，请不要仅仅是看闹热，或一时兴起，而是要重在坚持！英语学习没有捷径，只有一步一个脚印！今天的内容是英语从句示例分析的学习，重点在于运用于真实语境中来领悟其用法！这里，我比较推荐李阳疯狂英语关于英语语法学习的方法，就是把该语法的例句疯狂地脱口而出！建议大家试试！
一、基本概念
从句本身也是一个句子，有主语、谓语等。包含有从句的句子，必定还有一个主句，主句也有主语、谓语等等。
从句在句子的作用，同一般的单词或词组完全相同，从句也可以做主语、表语、宾语等等。只是不能做谓语(但可以和系动词一起构成表语)。
从句担当什么成份，就叫什么从句。例如，从句作主语时叫主语从句，作定语时叫定语从句，等等。
1、Because they talk at home while the television is on , many people think they can talk at movies as well . （状语从句）许多人在家里是边看电视边谈话，所以他们认为在电影院也可以如此。
2、Whether he comes or not doesn't make any difference to me .
（主语从句） 他来与不来对我都一样。
3、There is disagreement among economists about what money is and how money is measured
（宾语从句）什么是货币以及怎样计量货币经济学家之间存有分歧。
4、 China is not what it used to be .
（表语从句）中国不是它过去的样子了。
5、 Is there any proof that the food of plant differs from that of animals ?
（同位语从句）有没有什么证据说明植物性食品不同于动物性食品？
6、Taxes consist of money that people pay to support their government .
（定语从句） 税款是人们支持政府而交的钱。
二、关联词
绝大多数从句都以关联词开头(或叫引导、连接)。这些关联词就是特殊疑问句的疑问词，但在从句里，它们不是用来提问的，而是连接从句。这些关联词的意义，就是单词本身的意义。注意：关联词的意义是与从句相联系的。
根据用途，关联词分为三类。(实际没有多大用处，关键是要记住关联词本身代表的意义就行了。)
三、实例分析
1、主语
Whether we'll make a loan for the project has not been decided .
我们是否要为这个项目还没有定下来。
OR: It has not been decided whether we'll make a loan for the project .
Whether he'll come or not remains a question .
他是否会来依然是一个问题。
Whoever says that is not allowed .
无论谁这样说都是不允许的。
That she reads English aloud every morning helps her a lot in the improvement of her English study .
她每天早晨朗读英文对提高她的[url=http://www.grammar99.cn/][color=#800080]英语[/color][/url][url=http://www.grammar99.cn/][color=#800080]学习[/color][/url]起了很大的作用。
It is necessary (that) he have his further study in college.
他在[url=http://www.grammar99.cn/][color=#800080]大学[/color][/url]进一步深造是完全必要的。
What she thinks of me doesn't mean much to me .
她怎么样看我，对我来说无所谓。
2、宾语
I have no idea about whether I can raise the money for buying a car .
我不知道我是否能为买车筹措到资金。(注意：介词宾语不能用if。)
He didn't know whether to go all himself first or wait for her here.
他不知道是他自己先去还是在这儿等她。
We wonder whether they'll come in time or not.
我们担心他们会不会准时到。
I don't understand what you said.
我不理解你所说的话。
Money is what she is really after.
金钱是她所真正追求的东西。
People have different ideas about what happiness means .
人们对于幸福的含义有不同见解。
I believe that he will find a job in that publisher .
我相信，他一定会在那家出版社找到工作。
曱甴 2008-1-1 03:26
英语学习专家提醒：英语学习重在运用，要动起来,be active in your study！对于我们准备的资料，请不要仅仅是看闹热，或一时兴起，而是要重在坚持！英语学习没有捷径，只有一步一个脚印！今天的内容是英语从句示例分析的学习，重点在于运用于真实语境中来领悟其用法！这里，我比较推荐李阳疯狂英语关于英语语法学习的方法，就是把该语法的例句疯狂地脱口而出！建议大家试试！
He had told me that he would join the club sometime .
他曾经告诉我说，他会在某个时候参加俱乐部的。
I remembered that I had met him somewhere .
我记得我曾在哪儿见过他。
She thought that she would have finished what she was doing by the end of the month .
她认为在那个月底她将完成她手头上做的事。
3、表语
The problem is where we can hold our meeting .
问题是我们可以在哪儿举行会议。
It seems that everything goes smoothly .
似乎一切都进行得很顺利。
The cause is that the temperature of water is lower that needed .
其原因是水的温度低于所需要的温度。
That is what he really wants .
那就是他真想要的东西。
4、同位语
There is the news that an American delegation will arrive in Beijing tomorrow afternoon .
有消息说一个美国代表团将于明天下午抵达北京。
Is there any proof that the food of the plant differs from that of animals ?
是否有任何证据可以说明植物性的食物不同于动物性的食物呢？
We all know the fact that organization helps memorization.
我们都知道这样一个事实：把要记忆的材料组织起来有助于记忆。
What do you think of his proposal that we ( should ) put on a play at the English evening ?
他建议我们在[url=http://www.grammar99.cn/][color=#800080]英语[/color][/url]晚会上演一个剧，你觉得怎么样？
5、定语
Three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack.
三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象。
They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations where people normally would not be afraid .
他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。
Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields .
有些在语言[url=http://www.grammar99.cn/][color=#800080]学习[/color][/url]上很有成就的人,在其他领域常常一无所成。
In our class , we have some students whose families are not in Wuhan.
我们班上有些家不在武汉市的同学。
There are many sounds which have a meaning and yet are not words .
有许多声音有意义但不是词。
Tell him to go to the classroom where we often have our English class .
告诉他去我们常上[url=http://www.grammar99.cn/][color=#800080]英语[/color][/url]课的那间教室。
四、关联词的使用
I have no idea about the man who wrote the article .
我不认识写这篇文章的那个人。
Who is the girl whom ( who ) you talked to just now ?
刚才和你说话的那个女孩子是谁？
Yesterday, I happened to meet , in the shopping center , the professor who ( whom ) I got to know at a party .
昨天在购物中心，我碰巧遇见了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。
They are looking for the patient on whom doctors just performed an operation .
他们正在寻找那位医生刚刚给他做过手术的病人。
Do you know the name of that girl whose brother is your roommate ?
你知道她的哥哥与你同寝室的那位女孩的名字吗？
Water whose boiling point is at 100 degree Centigrade has no color, no flavor.
沸点在摄氏100度的水无色、无味。
曱甴 2008-1-1 03:26
Views which are entirely new or foreign may also be hard to accept .
那些全新的或是来自国外的观点或许也很难被接受。
I've got a novel which you may like to read .
我弄到一本你或许想看的小说。
That was a fault which could not be forgiven .
那是不能饶恕的错误。
Views that (which ) are entirely new or foreign may also be hard to accept .
那些全新的或是来自国外的观点或许也很难被接受。
Salaried people that ( who) earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percentage of their salaries to the federal government .
工薪在几千美元以上的人必须将工资中的一定百分比交付给联邦政府。
Who is the girl to that you talked just now ? （错误：that 不能作介词的宾语。）
I don't like the novel ( that ) you are reading .
我不喜欢你看的这本小说。
Who is the man ( whom ) you're talking about ?
你们谈论的那个人是谁？
Those who are in their forties are required to have a physical examination this afternoon .
请那些年龄在四十几岁的人于今天下午去进行体检。
This is the magazine which was sent to me by post .
这是通过邮局寄给我的杂志。
Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy .
任何能够燃烧的东西都是热能源。
There must be something that happened to you .
你一定出了什么事。
They had nothing that could cure of his disease .
他们没有一点能治愈他疾病的东西了。
This is the most impressive TV theater that has never been put on show before .
这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。
That is the only way that leads to your success .
那是通向你成功的唯一之路。
We have to consider the first thing that starts our work .
我们必须要考虑启动我们工作的第一件事。
The world in which we live is made of matter .
我们生活于其中的世界是由物质组成的。
Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow .
洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。
The world that we live in is made of matter.
我们生活于其中的世界是由物质组成的。
The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .
太阳给予大地热，这就使植物的生长成为可能。
The most important form of energy is electrical energy , which is widely used in our daily life .
最重要的能源形式是电能，它广泛地运用于我们的日常生活之中。
Such points as you've mentioned are really important in solving the problem .
你提到的这些方面在解决这个问题上的确很重要。
People such as you describe are rarely seen nowadays .
你描述的这种人现在很少见了。
This computer has the same functions as that one has .
这台计算机有着和那台计算机一样的功能。
As I know , she hasn't got married .
如我所知，她还未结婚。
They won the first place in the game, as could be expected.
可以预料，他们在比赛中得了第一。
Professor Li is extremely popular among students , as is known to all of us .
如我们大家所知，李教授极受学生们的欢迎。
曱甴 2008-1-1 03:27
People will always remember the time when Hong Kong and Macao returned to our motherland .
人们会永远记住香港和澳门回归祖国的那一时刻。
He came at a time when we needed help .
他在我们需要人帮忙的时候来了。
We don't know the exact time when the English Evening will be held .
我们不知道[url=http://www.grammar99.cn/][color=#800080]英语[/color][/url]晚会举行的确切时间。
The place where we're to have the Speech Contest has not been decided yet.
我们举行演讲比赛的地点还未定下来。
He is living in a newly-built house where there used to be a pond .
他现在居住的新房是原先一个池塘的旧址。
That is a beautiful campus where I made a lot dreams .
那是一座我曾经在那儿有过许多梦想的美丽的校园。
He didn't tell her the reason why he was so happy .
他没有告诉她为什么他那么高兴的原因。
The reason why she was late is not so acceptable .
她迟到的原因不那么令人接受。
They explained the reason to us why they had misunderstood us before .
他们向我们解释为什么他们以前误解了我们的原因。
六、介词+关系代词
He has found a good job for which he is qualified .
他找到了一份他能胜任的工作。
The man to whom you talked just now will chair the meeting tomorrow .
你刚才与他谈话的那个人明天主持那个会议。
He is bargaining with the landlord over the monthly price at which the apartment rents .
他在与房东就那套公寓出租的月租金进行磋商。
They are still living in the little house in which they've been lived for 15 years .
他们现在还住在他们已住了15年的那个小房子里。
We've worked out a method by which our production can be raised on a large scale.
我们已研制出了一个能大规模提高生产的方法。
She didn't realize the extent to which she had been distracted .
她没有意识到她心烦意乱的程度。
The secretary with whom the boss is not happy will be fired for her inefficiency .
老板对其不满意的那个秘书将由于她没有工作效率而被解雇。
I've found the job for which I've been eager for a long time.
我已找到了我渴望已久的那份工作。
He is a learned man with whom we are familiar .
他是一位我们熟悉的有学识的人。
七、定语从句的种类
1、限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧凑，如果将其去掉，会影响句子意思的完整性。
Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located .
为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展，热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。
Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow.
洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。
They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.
他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。
2、非限定性定语从句
曱甴 2008-1-1 03:27
Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .
更早之前，巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图，但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。
The combination of satellites, which transmit information , computers , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an education and entertainment center .
卫星能传输信息，计算机能储存信息，电视能显示信息，把这些手段结合起来可以使每个家庭都成为教育娱乐的中心。
The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .
太阳给予大地热，这就使植物的生长成为可能。